1 Introduction
A spherical plain bearing is a spherical plain bearing, which consists of an inner ring with an outer spherical surface and an outer ring with an inner spherical surface. Because the contact area of the spherical plain bearing is large, the inclination angle is large, and most of the spherical plain bearings adopt special processing methods, so they have a large load capacity and impact resistance, good self-aligning performance, and have large load capacity and self-alignment. Features. Therefore, spherical plain bearings are widely used for low-speed oscillating motion, tilting motion and rotational motion.
This paper mainly uses the finite element method to establish the thermo-solid coupling analysis model of the spherical plain bearing, and analyzes the influence of the working environment temperature on its bearing characteristics and the limit working load of the spherical plain bearing.
2 Finite element analysis and modeling method of spherical plain bearing
In order to facilitate the analysis of spherical plain bearings under the same specifications, different sizes, different materials, different working states and different working conditions, this paper uses the APDL programming language that comes with ANSYS.
Ang modelo ng parametric analysis ng spherical plain bearing ay itinatag, kung saan ang mga pangunahing parameter ay ang laki ng tindig, mga katangian ng materyal, pagkarga, anggulo ng pagpapalihis at temperatura. Pangunahing kasama sa finite element parametric modeling ng mga bearings ang mga sumusunod na hakbang:
(1) Ang pagtatatag ng tindig na geometric na modelo.
(2) Ang impluwensya ng temperatura ay kailangang isaalang-alang sa pagsusuri.
(3) Pagproseso ng modelong may hangganan na elemento.
(4) Setting ng load at uri ng solusyon.
3 Mga pangunahing parameter ng spherical plain bearings
Ngayon kumuha ng joint bearing bilang isang halimbawa, gamitin ang finite element analysis software ANSYS para pag-aralan ang joint bearing. Ang Figure 1 ay isang schematic diagram ng joint bearing.
Fig. 1 Schematic diagram ng spherical plain bearing
Tulad ng ipinapakita sa Figure 1, ang spherical plain bearing ay pangunahing binubuo ng isang panloob na singsing na may panlabas na spherical na ibabaw, isang panlabas na singsing na may panloob na spherical na ibabaw at isang PTFE solid lubricating film. Ang solid lubricating film ay nakakabit sa panlabas na singsing, at ang mga dimensional na parameter ng mga bearings ay ipinapakita sa Talahanayan 1.
Talahanayan 1 Mga dimensional na parameter ng spherical plain bearings (mm)
4 Pagsusuri ng axial limit load ng spherical plain bearing
Ang axial limit load ng spherical plain bearing sa room temperature ay pangunahing sinusuri, at ang radial load ay kinuha bilang dalawang working condition na 0 at 931kN ayon sa pagkakabanggit. Sa pamamagitan ng pagsusuri sa pagbabago ng bearing stress na may axial load, ang axial limit load na tumutugma sa maximum na stress ng tindig ay maaaring makuha ayon sa mga materyal na parameter ng tindig.
4.1 Pagsusuri ng axial limit load na walang radial load
Kapag ang radial load ay 0, upang malutas ang axial limit load ng spherical plain bearing, ang value range ng axial load ay 0~280kN. Ipinapakita ng Figure 2 ang deformation displacement at stress distribution ng spherical plain bearing kapag ang axial load ay 160 kN na walang radial load. Makikita mula sa Fig. 2a na sa ilalim ng pagkilos ng axial load, ang deformation displacement ng bearing ay higit sa lahat ang axial displacement ng inner ring. Makikita mula sa Figure 2b na ang maximum na shear stress ng tindig ay matatagpuan sa panlabas na singsing ng tindig, at ang pinakamataas na halaga ng shear tensile stress at shear compressive stress ay pantay at simetriko na ipinamamahagi. Makikita mula sa Figure 2c na ang pinakamataas na katumbas na stress ng tindig ay matatagpuan sa panlabas na ibabaw ng panlabas na singsing, malapit sa gilid na ibabaw, at pantay na ipinamamahagi sa direksyon ng circumferential, na nagpapahiwatig na ang posisyon na ito ay ang pangunahing lugar ng tindig ng tindig sa oras na ito. Makikita mula sa Fig. 2d na ang pinakamataas na stress ng contact ng tindig ay nasa posisyon kung saan ang spherical surface ay malapit sa gilid at pantay na ipinamamahagi sa direksyon ng circumferential.
Fig. 2 Deformation at pamamahagi ng stress ng tindig na walang radial load
(Axial load: 160kN)
Ipinapakita ng Talahanayan 2 ang pinakamataas na katumbas na stress, maximum contact stress at maximum shear stress ng bearing sa ilalim ng iba't ibang axial load kapag walang radial load. Ito ay makikita mula sa talahanayan na kapag ang axial load ay nagbabago mula 0 hanggang 280kN, ang pagbabago ng maximum na stress ng tindig.
Talahanayan 2 Mga bearings sa ilalim ng iba't ibang axial load
Pinakamataas na halaga ng stress (radial load: 0kN)
Ipinapakita ng Figure 3 ang curve ng pagbabago ng maximum na halaga ng stress ng bearing na may axial load kapag walang radial load. Kasama sa stress ng tindig ang pinakamataas na katumbas na stress, ang maximum contact stress at ang maximum shear stress. Makikita mula sa figure na kapag ang axial load ay mula 28.9kN hanggang 278kN, ang maximum na stress ng tindig ay tumataas nang linearly: ang maximum na katumbas na stress ay tumataas mula 45.07Mpa hanggang 454.1MPa; ang pinakamataas na stress ng contact ay tumataas mula 43.6MPa hanggang 442.4MPa; tumaas ang pinakamataas na stress ng paggugupit mula 15.98 MPa hanggang 158.33MPa.
Fig. 3 Pinakamataas na diin ng tindig na walang radial load
Halaga bilang isang function ng axial load
Gamit ang pagkakaiba-iba ng batas ng maximum na diin ng tindig, ang impluwensya ng axial load sa mga katangian ng tindig ng spherical plain bearing ay maaaring makuha kapag walang radial load. Ayon sa mga materyal na katangian ng panloob at panlabas na mga singsing, tulad ng lakas ng ani, atbp., ang axial load na tumutugma sa maximum na stress kapag ang tindig ay umabot sa ani ay maaaring makuha, iyon ay, ang axial limit load ng tindig.
4.2 Pagsusuri ng axial limit load kapag ang radial load ay 931kN
When the radial load is 931kN, in order to solve the axial limit load of the spherical plain bearing, the value range of the axial load is 0~170kN. Figure 4 shows the deformation displacement and stress distribution of the spherical plain bearing when the axial load is 167kN. It can be seen from Fig. 4a that under the combined action of axial load and radial load, the maximum deformation displacement of the bearing is located on both sides of the lower part of the bearing (that is, the main load-bearing area). It can be seen from Fig. 4b that the maximum contact stress of the bearing is located in the main bearing area where the spherical surface is close to the side. It can be seen from Figure 4c that the maximum equivalent stress of the bearing is on the inner surface of the inner ring, which is located in the main load-bearing area close to the maximum contact stress, indicating that this position is the main load-bearing area of the bearing at this time. It can be seen from Figure 4d that among the maximum shear stress of the bearing, the shear tensile stress is significantly larger than the shear compressive stress, the maximum shear tensile stress is located on both sides of the maximum equivalent stress position in the bearing area, and the maximum shear compressive stress is in the non-load bearing area. and the middle of the bearing area.
Fig. 4 The deformation and stress distribution of the bearing when the radial load is 931kN
(Axial load: 167kN)
Table 3 shows the maximum equivalent stress, maximum contact stress and maximum shear stress of the bearing under different axial loads when the radial load is 931kN. It can be seen from the table that when the axial load changes from 0 to 280kN, the change of the maximum stress of the bearing.
Table 3 Maximum bearing capacity under different axial loads
Stress value (radial load: 931kN)
Figure 5 shows the change curve of the maximum stress value of the bearing with the axial load when the radial load is 931kN. The stress of the bearing includes the maximum equivalent stress, the maximum contact stress and the maximum shear stress. It can be seen from the figure that when the axial load is from 20kN to 166.75kN:
(1) The maximum equivalent stress first decreases slowly and then increases sharply:
When the load increased from 20kN to 118.67kN, the maximum equivalent stress decreased from 389.86MPa to 387.99MPa, and the decrease was 0.5%. When the load increased from 118.67kN to 166.75kN, the maximum equivalent stress decreased from 387.99MPa to 387.99MPa. 446.09MPa, an increase of 13%.
(2) The equivalent stress of the maximum contact stress increases gradually, and the speed of increase is from slow to fast: when the load increases from 20kN to 118.67kN, the maximum equivalent stress increases from 315.28MPa to 337.29MPa, an increase of 6.5%. When 118.67kN increased to 166.75kN, the maximum equivalent stress increased from 337.29MPa to 437.56MPa, an increase of 22.8%.
(3) The change of the maximum shear stress of the bearing is small, which is determined by
Fig. 5 The maximum bearing capacity when the radial load is 931kN
Variation curve of stress value with axial load
137.84MPa slowly increased to 141.67MPa, an increase of 2.7%. Using the variation law of the maximum stress of the bearing, when the radial load is 931kN, the influence trend of the axial load on the maximum stress of the spherical plain bearing can be obtained. From this, the axial limit load corresponding to the maximum stress at which the bearing reaches yield is obtained.
5 Conclusion
This paper mainly analyzes the axial limit load of the bearing under different working conditions. Through the APDL language, a complete finite element parametric model of the spherical plain bearing can be established, the parameters that need to be changed are set as variables, and by controlling the model processing and solution process, different spherical plain bearings can be realized in different working states and different working environments According to the relevant analysis below, the bearing characteristics, contact characteristics and dynamic characteristics of the spherical plain bearing are obtained, as well as the influence of various factors on the bearing characteristics.
6 More about VAFEM Spherical Plain Bearings
As a precious high quality Spherical Plain Bearings manufacturer and supplier in China, VAFEM can guarantee the quality and precision of the products through complete testing technology and advanced equipment.
Spherical Plain Bearings are manufactured in a wide variety of materials and are designed to offer bearing solutions in almost any operating environment. Spherical plain bearings have an inner ring with a sphered convex outside diameter and an outer ring with a correspondingly sphered but concave inside surface. Their design makes them particularly suitable for bearing arrangements where alignment movements between shaft and housing have to be accommodated, or where oscillating or recurrent tilting or slewing movements must be possible at relatively slow sliding speeds, often accompanied with heavy loads.
These High-Quality Spherical Plain Bearings are suitable for heavy-duty, off-highway vehicles, agricultural equipment, construction and mining and logging equipment, packaging and textile equipment, and robotics.
Please come to buy Spherical Plain Bearings at the best price and quality from VAFEM. Please contact us for any questions!
2022-09-15