Abstract: As a component of heavy pressure equipment in the mining operation process, the stability and safety of the hoist directly affect the effectiveness of mining. As the main power source of the hoist, the operation effect of the hydraulic station equipment will directly affect the operation effect of the hoist. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out high-quality maintenance and upkeep of the hydraulic station to reduce the occurrence of hydraulic station failures and provide guarantees for the stable operation of the hoist.
Keywords: elevator; repair; Hydraulic station malfunction
During the operation of the mine hoist, the hydraulic station plays a crucial role in providing oil pressure to the hoist, prompting the brake to generate corresponding braking force to achieve speed and work control of the hoist. Looking at the current application of mine hoist equipment in China, the hydraulic station devices that are matched with it mostly use hydraulic disc brake braking devices, which mainly consist of electronic control systems, disc brakes, hydraulic stations, etc. The operational effectiveness of the hydraulic station directly determines the safety and stability of the mine hoist, so conducting in-depth research on hydraulic station fault maintenance is of great practical significance.
1. Faults and their maintenance methods
1.1 Hydraulic oil does not generate pressure
The main factors causing the absence of pressure in the control system include: lack of output fluid in the oil pump, stuck relief valve core causing damping air blockage, filter blockage, incorrect rotation direction of the oil pump, unobstructed oil suction port, and foreign objects in the pressure valve. The main maintenance methods for hydraulic oil that does not generate pressure include: ① checking and troubleshooting the oil pump, and resetting the rotation direction of the oil pump according to regulations; ② During the maintenance period, the overflow valve will be dismantled and cleaned, and the damping hole will be effectively unblocked to ensure that the valve core in the valve body of the hydraulic station can move flexibly during operation; ③ Maintenance personnel need to strictly inspect whether there is any blockage in the oil suction pipeline. If any blockage is found in the pipeline, it should be cleaned in a timely manner, and the filter element of the filter should be carefully cleaned according to the specific situation; ④ Dismantle the hydraulic control valve of the equipment and clean its valve core to ensure that its cleanliness meets the standard requirements.
1.2 Insufficient hydraulic oil pressure
The main reason why hydraulic stations experience insufficient hydraulic pressure during operation is that: ① a certain amount of air flows into the device; ② There may be leakage between the electromagnetic directional valve and the overflow valve in the device, resulting in insufficient pressure.
Repair method: ① Maintenance personnel need to conduct a strict inspection of the oil suction port and the pipeline from the filter to the oil suction port to determine if there is any leakage. If it is confirmed after inspection that there is a leakage, the joint position of the oil suction port needs to be tightly connected, and the screws of the oil pump end cover and filter need to be tightened to improve the sealing of the oil suction port and its pipeline; ② Thoroughly clean the electromagnetic directional valve and overflow valve based on specific situations to ensure that the valve core of the overflow valve can move flexibly in the valve body, effectively solving the problem of insufficient pressure.
1.3 High residual pressure, brake failure
The presence of excessive residual pressure in hydraulic stations can easily lead to brake failure during equipment operation. The factors causing this failure are: the throttle hole in the relief valve is too large, with a diameter exceeding the standard requirements; Or the distance between the control lever baffle and the nozzle may be relatively close, leading to brake failure. The specific troubleshooting methods include: ① It is necessary to adjust the baffle on the electro-hydraulic pressure regulating device control valve reasonably, and keep the distance between the control baffle and the nozzle within a reasonable range; ② Replace the overflow valve orifice according to the specific situation, and replace it with a smaller diameter orifice based on the existing orifice diameter.
1.4 Unstable secondary brake pressure
The main causes of unstable secondary brake pressure faults include: impurities in the relief valve during operation, which prevent the valve from closing properly; The hydraulic oil is affected by the excessive opening of the shut-off valve, resulting in a large amount of leakage; Due to impurities in the electromagnetic directional valve, leakage occurs, which affects the stable operation of the hydraulic station. For the maintenance of unstable secondary brake pressure faults, specific measures include: ① Taking into account the specific situation, removing and cleaning the electromagnetic directional valve and relief valve to ensure that there are no impurities in the valve core before reinstalling, in order to eliminate the fault; ② Reasonably control and adjust the shut-off valve, and reduce the opening diameter according to the actual situation.
1.5 Hydraulic oil leakage and unstable pressure
The main factors causing hydraulic oil leakage problems are the loosening of screws in the oil circuit and hydraulic valve, as well as the loosening of screws in the oil circuit and safety braking device, which leads to hydraulic station leakage during operation. The maintenance method adopted is to tighten the loose screws between the oil circuits based on the actual situation, in order to eliminate the leakage phenomenon. The main cause of unstable hydraulic oil pressure is poor current filtering, which leads to vibration of the induction coil during operation, resulting in unstable pressure; During the operation of the hydraulic system, a certain amount of air enters it, causing unstable pressure. The solution to such faults can be achieved by removing air and installing capacitor filters.
1.6 Excessive noise
The factor causing excessive noise is that the system experiences air mixing during operation, which leads to negative pressure in some areas of the device and generates strong noise. During the specific operation of the hoist, if there is strong noise, although it will not have a significant impact on mining operations, it will seriously harm the actual working environment. And if there is transitional noise during the operation of the hoist, it will have an impact on the identification of operating equipment faults. Therefore, in response to the generation of noise, it is necessary to analyze the specific causes and take reasonable measures to eliminate noise as much as possible. The current methods for addressing noise issues include: ① using manual monitoring systems to monitor the operation of hydraulic stations; ② Timely eliminate the air flowing into the device.
2. Conclusion
In summary, the occurrence of operational failures in the hydraulic station of the hoist not only affects the specific operational stability of the hoist, but also constrains the effectiveness and quality of mining operations in coal mining enterprises. In view of this, it is necessary to focus on effective maintenance and handling of hydraulic station failures, and to reduce the probability of hydraulic station failures through the implementation of scientific and reasonable maintenance management work.
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